Oh my, I'm feeling toasty just looking at that.
Bonding is a process that binds the fibers together, be they poly, cotton, wool or some blend thereof, so the batting doesn't pull apart when being handled, quilted and washed. It can be done with heat or needle-punched to name two methods. The threads running through your batting would be serving the same purpose. I've never seen one like that, very cool! That one probably could be longarmed, but I'm with you on hand-quilting it in this case.
Now you've got me wanting to do research on batting history & methods, which I have no time to do, thanks a bunch.

To address your other comment, a longarm quilting machine is a specialized sewing machine with a super-long throat. It has wheels that run on a carriage, which in turn runs on tracks attached to a long table. The table has an arrangement of parallel bars on which you roll your backing, batting and top in order to quilt the quilt. Instead of moving the layers under the machine, as with a DSM (domestic sewing machine), you move the machine over the layers to quilt them together. Clear as mud? I have to run out the door in a few minutes, later today I'll see if I can post some pictures of my longarm - it's what I do for a living (longarm quilting, not picture-posting).